تأثیر تلقیح دو‌ جانبه قارچ Piriformospora indica و باکتری‌ Azospirillum spp. بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، جذب عناصر و عملکرد دانه گندم تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام

چکیده

باکتری جنس آزوسپیریلوم (Azospirillum) و قارچ‌های میکوریز از جمله میکروارگانیسم‌های محرک رشد گیاه هستند که می‌توانند باعث تحریک رشد و افزایش تحمل گیاهان در شرایط تنش‌های محیطی مانند خشکی و شوری گردند. در آزمایشی طراحی‌شده به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی، قابلیت باکتری‌های آزوسپیریلوم سویه‌های سازگار و غیرسازگار به شوری در تلقیح جداگانه و نیز در ترکیب با قارچ Piriformospora indica بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک، جذب عناصر و عملکرد دانه گیاه گندم تحت تنش شوری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. فاکتورهای آزمایش عبارت بودند از کاربرد پنج سطح ریزسازواره‌های درون‌زیست شامل قارچ پریفورموسپورا ایندیکا، باکتری آزوسپیریلوم سویه‌های سازگار به مناطق شور و غیرشور، تلقیح توأم قارچ و باکتری و شاهد و نیز چهار سطح شوری آب آبیاری شامل 2/0، 4، 8 و 12 دسی‌زیمنس ‌بر‌ متر. کاربرد قارچ پریفورموسپورا ایندیکا و سویه­های آزوسپیریلوم و تلقیح توأم آن‌ها،تأثیر قابل توجه و معنی‌داری بر عملکرد دانه، جذب عناصر فسفر و نیتروژن، محتوای کلروفیل و پروتئین بیشتری تحت شرایط عدم‌شوری داشت. تلقیح گندم با سویه سازگار به شوری باکتری جنس آزوسپیریلوم، تأثیر بسیار مطلوبی بر میزآن‌های کلروفیل و پرولین گیاه داشت و جذب نیتروژن توسط گیاه را تحت تنش شوری زیاد افزایش داد. نتایج تحقیق نشان‌دهنده این بود که میزان تأثیر کاربرد به تنهایی و یا تلفیقی این ریزسازواره‌های درون‌زیست گیاهی بستگی به سطوح شوری اعمال شده دارد. در عدم‌تنش تأثیر کاربرد توأم باکتری و قارچ بر عملکرد دانه بیشتر بود. درحالی‌که در تنش شوری کم (EC=4) کاربرد توأم و جداگانه باکتری و قارچ تأثیری مشابه بر عملکرد داشت در تنش شدید (EC=12) کاربرد جداگانه آن‌ها  بهتر بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Co-inoculation of Endophytic Fungus Piriformospora Indica and Azospirillum Strains on Some Physiological Traits, Nutrient Absorption and Grain Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Sardari) Under

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh hajiniya 1
  • mohammadjavad zaree 2
چکیده [English]

Bacteria of the genus Azospirillum and mycorrhizal fungi, well known as plant growth promoting microorganism, are considered to can improve plant tolerance to environmental stresses such as drought and salinity conditions. A factorial randomized complete block design replicated in three times was conducted to test the effects of Azospirillum strains and fungus Piriformospora indica under increasing salinity levels on wheat seedlings growth, nutrient absorption as well as some physiological traits. Treatments were consisted of five bioinoculants (P. indica, salt adapted and non-adapted Azospirillum strains, dual inoculation of the both microorganisms and non-inoculated treatment as control) as well as four salinity levels (0.2, 4, 8 and 12 dS m-1). Singly or co-inoculation of wheat with P. indica and salt-adapted and non-salt adapted Azospirillum strains lead to a higher increase in grain yield, N and P concentrations, protein content as well as total photosynthetic pigments, both under salinity and normal conditions. Plant inoculated with salt-adapted Azospirillumspp., under salinity, had the higher nutrient uptake (P and N), protein content as well as total photosynthetic pigments. From obtained result of the present study use of endophytic plant growth promoting microorganism singly or in combination depend on induced salinity levels is different. Under non-salinity dual combination of both microorganisms was more effective in enhancing grain yield compared to other treatments. While under the lower level of salinity (EC=4) microorganisms, both in singly or in combination, had a same effect on grain yield, under severe salinity (EC=12) singly inoculation of each microorganisms had a better performance on grain yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Saline water irrigation
  • Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
  • Piriformospora indica
  • Wheat

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