The Effect of Applying Biological Fertilizer, Chemical, and Manure on some of Qualitative Characteristics of Forage Sorghum under Greenhouse Condition

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran

2 Ph.D. Student in Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Fertilizer management is most important factor in success of plants crops cultivation. Application of biological fertilizers is important in production of these plants with the aim of elimination or significant reduction of chemical inputs and also increase of soil fertility and improvement of plant growth and quality. An experim was conducted to study the response of some qualitative characteristics of forage sorghum to biological, chemical, and manure, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental treatments included three biofertilizers and their combination and vermicompost and chemical fertilizer as follow: 1- mycorhhiza arbuscular species Glomus moseae + vermicompost, 2- mycorhhiza + nitrocsin (included bacteries Azospirillum sp. and Azotobacter sp.), 3- mycorhhizaarbuscular + Rhizobium (Rhizobium sp.), 4-mycorhhizaarbuscular + Chemical fertilizer NPK, 5- mycorhhizaarbuscular (Glomus moseae) and 6-control. In this experiment, although the treatments have not significant effects on ash, NDF and ADF, however, crude protein, dry matter digestibility as well as organic matter digestibility were affected by experimental treatments. The results showed that the percent of crude protein (15/19 percent), dry matter digestibility (70/12 percent) and organic matter digestibility (72/16 percent) were higher in integrated mycorhhiza and nitrocsine treatment in comparison whit other treatments. The numerical highest percent of ash (9.8 percent) was observed in mycrhhoriza plus vermicampost. In conclusion, the integration of mycrhhoriza and biological nitrocsine had the higher positive impact on forage quality of sorghum. Therefore, it could be concluded that biological fertilizers may be considered as a suitable replacement for a lot of chemical fertilizers consumption in sustainable agricultural systems.

Keywords

References

امانلو، ح. 1372. خوراک دادن و تغذیه گاوهای شیری. انتشارات دانشگاه زنجان. 596 ص.
حق پرست تنها، م. 1372. خاکزیان و خاک های زراعی. انتشارات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت. ص 98-83.
زرین کفش، م. 1368. حاصلخیزی خاک و تولید. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 320 ص.
سعیدنژاد، ا. ح.، رضوانی مقدم، پ.، خزائی، ح. ر. و نصیری محلاتی، م. 1390. بررسی اثر کاربرد مواد آلی، کودهای بیولوژیک و کود شیمیایی بر قابلیت هضم و میزان پروتئین سورگوم علوفهای رقم اسپیدفید. نشریه پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. 9 (4): 630-623.
کریمی، ه. 1367. زراعت و اصلاح گیاهان علوفه‌ای. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 234 ص.
کوچکی، ع. 1364. زراعت در مناطق خشک. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد. 202 ص.
میرلوحی، ا.، بزرگوار، ن.، و بصیری، م. 1379. اثر مقادیر مختلف کود ازته بر رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت سیلویی سه هیبرید سورگوم علوفه‌ای. مجله علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، 4 (2):116-105.
Bamikole, M. A., Ezenwa, I. and Akinsoyinu, A. O. 1998. Intake and digestibility of Guinea grass fed to West African Dwarf goats, in Animal Agriculture in West Africa: The sustainability question, ed. by Oduguwa, Proceedings of the Silver Anniversary Conference of the Nigerian Society for Animal Production (NSAP), Abeokuta, Nigeria, pp. 341-342.
Cazzato, E., Laudadio, V. and Tufarelli, V. 2011. Effects of harvest period, nitrogen fertilization and mycorrhizal fungus inoculation on triticale forage yield and quality. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, Page 1 of 9.
Coleman, S. E. and Moore, J. E. 2003. Feed quality and animal performance. Field Crops Research, 84: 17-29.
Dodd, J. 2000. The role of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agro-natural ecosystems. Outlook on Agric. 29 (1): 63-70.
Fisher, L. J. and Fowler, D. B. 1975. Predicted forage value of whole plant cereals. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences, 55: 975-979.
Giovannetti, M. and Mosse, B. 1980. An evaluation of techniques for measuring vesicular Arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytologist,84: 489-500.
Glenn, R. D., Mallesh, B. C., Kubra, B. and Bagyaraj, D. J. 1992. Influence of vermicompost application on the available macronutrients and selected microbial populations in a paddy field. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24: 1317-1320.
Hail, Y., Daci, M. and Tan, M. 2009. Evaluation of annual legumes and barley as sole crops and intercrop in spring frost conditions for animal feeding. Yield and quality. Journal Animal Advance, 8 (7): 1337-1342.
Kader, M. A., Mian, M. H. and Hoque, M. S. 2002. Effects of Azotobacter inoculant on the yield and nitrogen uptake by wheat. Journal of Biological Sciences, 2 (4): 259-261.
Kormanik, P. P. and McGraw, A. C. 1982. Quantification of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in plant roots.
Marschner, H. and Dell, B. 1994. Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant Soil, 159: 89-102.
Martin, J. P., Black, J. H. and Hawthorne, R. M. 1997. Influence of earthworm-processed pig manure on the growth and yield of green house tomatoes. Bioresource Technology, 75: 175-180.
Menke, K. H. and Staingass, H. 1988. Estimation of energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research Development, 28: 7-55.
Mishra, S. Sharma, S. and vasudevan, P. 2008. Comparative effect of biofertilizers on fodder production and quality in guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88: 1667-1673.
Mohammad Abadi, A., Rezvani Moghaddam, A., Fallahi, P. J. and Bromand Rezazadeh, Z. 2012. Effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) forage. Agroecology, 3 (4): 491-499.
Poshtdar, A., Siadat, S. A., Abdali mashhadi, A., Mosavi, S. A. and Hamdi, H. 2012. Comparison between application of PGPR bacteria and chemical fertilizers on quality and total silage yield of Maize under different organic seed bed. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 11: 713-717.
Rajapakse, S. and Miller, C. 1992. Methods for studying vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonization and related root physical properties. In: Methods in microbiology, Volume 24. Norris, J. R., Read, D. J. and Varma, A. K. (Eds.). Academic Press Ltd., USA. pp. 302-316.
Sharma, A. K. 2002. Bio-fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. Agrobios Indian Publications 456 pp.
Smith, S. E. and Read, D. J. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis, third ed. Academic Press, London, UK.
Soest, P. J. V. 1985. Composition, Fiber quality, and Nutritive value of forages. In: Forages, The Science of grassland Agriculture. Maurice, E. H., Robert, B. F. and Darrel M. S. (4th Ed), Iowa state Univ. press Ames, Iowa, USA. p. 413-421.
Tilley, J. M. A. and Terry, R. A. 1963. A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Journal of British Grassland Society, 18: 104-111.
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. and Lewis, B. A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597.
Wu, S. C., Cao, Z. H., Li, Z. G., Cheung, K. C. and Wong, M. H. 2005. Effects of biofertilizer containing N- fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a greenhouse trial. Geoderma, 125: 155-166.
Yazdani, M., Bahmanyar, M. A., Pirdashti, H. and Esmaili, M. A. 2009. Effect of phosphate solubilization microorganisms (PSM) and plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.). Proceedings of World Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, pp. 2070-3740.
Yolcu, H., Turan, M., Lithourgidis, A. and Çakmakçi, R. K. A. 2011. Effects of plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria and manure on yield and quality characteristics of Italian ryegrass under semi-arid conditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5 (13): 1730-1736.
Volume 8, Issue 1
June 2016
Pages 69-80

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics