Evaluation of Self-compatiblity, Flowering Time and Morphological Variables in some Almond Genotypes to Choose Superiors

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 Graduated BS Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran

Abstract

Almond is an economically important species of genus Prunus. Self-incompatibility and less quality fruit are the most important limitative problems for fruit set and cropping in almond. Also, almond is the earliest temperate tree crop to bloom, which limits production in areas with spring frosts. One of the main breeding objectives for almond is finding or production of late-flowering cultivars. Thus, this study was conducted in 90 seedling genotypes of almond for finding self-compatible and late-flowering genotypes. Results of the first experiment showed that five genotypes including No. 30, 42, 56, 63 and 82 were semi-self-compatible. Results of the second experiment showed that the considered genotypes had significant differences in flowering time; so that flowering time varied from March 12 to March 30. Flowering time of 10 genotypes (No. 13, 14, 19, 31, 58, 62, 63, 76, 80 and 82) ranged from 25 to 30 March, which were known as late to very late flowering genotypes. Furthermore, flowering time for 33 genotypes were recorded from 20 to 24 March and they clustered as late flowering genotypes. These two groups can be used as parents in breeding programs or after evaluation of vegetative and fruit traits for cultivation in commercial orchards. According to results of the third experiment, 13 out of 43 late flowering genotypes including No. 3, 6, 13, 14, 23, 43, 57, 62, 63, 71, 77, 80 and 82 were the best genotypes in terms of consistent high fruit set, large nut, large kernel and high kernel percentage and can be singled out for cultivation in orchard.

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References

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Volume 8, Issue 1
June 2016
Pages 103-124

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