Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2
MSc Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
3
Instructor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
Abstract
In order to evaluate the allelopathic effects of bulb and leaf aqueous extracts of narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L.) on seed germination characteristics and growth of two weed species, redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), a factorial experirent based on completely randomized design was conducted with three replications at University of Birjand Research Laboratory and Greenhouse, in 2017. Experimental treatments included narcissus organs (leaf and bulb) and extract concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 3% w/v). The laboratory results showed that leaf and bulb extracts of narcissus reduced seed germination percentage of redroot amaranth, but had no significant effect on seed germination percentage of common purslane. Results showed that 3% concentration of leaf and bulb extracts of narcissus reduced seed germination percentage of A. retroflexus by 97 and 93% compared to the control, respectively. Germination rate of redroot amaranth and common purslane seeds decreased under concentration of 3% of extract by 97 and 53% compared to the control, respectively. The results of greenhouse experiment showed that the application of narcissus extract decreased root length, plant height and dry weight of root, shoot and their total in redroot amaranth and common purslane. The concentration of 3% of bulb and leaf extracts decreased plant height of redroot amaranth by 66% and 60%, repectively compared to the control plants. Also, the concentration of 3% of the extract decreased total dry weight of redroot amaranth and common purslane by 73 and 90% compared to control plants, respectively. The results of this study showed that the allelopathic effects of leaf and bulb extract of narcissus can be used to biological control of these two weeds.
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