Effect of Culture Medium and Indole Butyric Acid on Propagation of Sansevieria trifasciata New Cultivars

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 MSc Graduated, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran

10.22084/ppt.2024.5580

Abstract

Abstract
Today, because of the slow growth and conventional propagation methods are not sufficient to meet the marketable needs of Sansevieria trifasciata, it is possible to use rooting stimulators for propagation. This study investigated the effects of IBA concentrations and culture media on some morpho-physiological parameters in Sansevieria trifasciata. Treatments included cultivar (black gold and compact), IBA (0, 100 and 200 mg.l-1), and culture medium (perlite and sand). Morphophysiological traits, including callus size, number of roots, number of shoots, stem length, stem diameter, number of leaves, FW and DW, and relative water content, etc. were measured 8 months. Increasing the concentration of IBA stimulated the reactions of black gold to FW and DW of shoots, callus size, number of leaves, and increasing the DW of roots, but in compact varieties, increasing the concentration of IBA resulted in a decrease in root initiation time and number of leaves. IBA reduced the decay of the cuttings (100 mg.l-1 in the compact green and 200 mg.l-1 in the black). Increasing the concentration of IBA for treating cuttings caused an increase in the number of roots and root length of compact green and black gold cuttings. Sansevieria trifasciata had diverse responses to different concentrations of IBA and culture media throughout propagation. IBA at 200 mg.l-1 had an encouraging effect on the propagation of Sansevieria trifasciata. The results revealed that increasing the concentration of IBA increased the root number and root length in the cuttings of compact and black gold.
Introduction
Sansevieria trifasciata is a perennial plant from the liliaceae family, which originates from tropical and semi-tropical regions of the world. Sansevieria trifasciata variateis are one of the most popular ornamental indoor plants due to having types with striped leaves. Today, due to the slow growth and conventional propagation methods are not sufficient to meet the marketable needs of Sansevieria trifasciata, it is possible to use agent of rooting stimulator for multiplication. This study aimed to investigate the effects of indole butyric acid concentrations as a plant growth regulator and culture media on some morphophysiology parameters in Sansevieria trifasciata cuttings.
Materials and Methods
This research included 3 factors, cultivar (black gold and compact), indole butyric acid plant growth regulator (0, 100 and 200 mg.l-1) and culture medium (perlite and sand). This research, which was conducted in the greenhouse of with controlled conditions of 25°C, 70% humidity and 10,000 lux of light. The end cutting was immersed in the solution of indole butyric acid immediately which was prepared in three concentrations of 0, 100 and 200 mg/l for 10 seconds to initiation root. Subsequently, cutting were placed on a site sterilized by 70% alcohol in the lab condition for two days to callus initiation of wound surface. Morphological parameters include callus size, rooting time, number of roots, length of the root, length of the longest root, time of bud initiation, number of shoots, stem length, stem diameter, root rot rate, number of leaves, callus size, fresh weight of root and shoot, dry weight of root and shoot were measured. Physiological traits including relative water content, electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content, organ biomass percentage were investigated 8 months after cultivation. The experiment was adjusting in as factorial arrangements in a completely randomized design. Each treatment consisted of three replicates for statistical purposes. All the results were statistically analyzed using the SAS program. Means of three replicates were subjected to one-way ANOVA. Duncan's Multiple Range Test was also used to compare the mean values and determine the significance of statistical differences in treatments.
Results and Discussion
It was found that the effects of the variety were obvious in response to the culture medium and different concentrations of indole butyric acid. The results of effect of the hormone on the recorded traits revealed that increasing the concentration of indole butyric acid had in the cuttings stimulating reactions of black gold to fresh and dry weight of shoots, callus size, number of leaves and increasing the dry weight of roots, but in compact green variety, increasing the hormone affected a decrease in root initiation time, root biomass and number of leaves. Based on the results, the treatment of cuttings by indole butyric acid reduced the decay of the cuttings (100 mg.l-1 in the compact green and 200 mg.l-1 in the black variety) and their survival plants. The results of this research also indicated that increasing the concentration of indole butyric acid for the treatment of cuttings grown in substrates such as sand and perlite caused an increase in the number of roots and root length of compact green and black gold cuttings.
Conclusions
Sansevieria trifasciata variety had diverse response to different concentrations of the indole butyric acid and type of culture media in throughout propagation. 200 mg.l-1 of indole butyric acid hormone had an encouraging result on the propagation of Sansevieria trifasciata cuttings. The uppermost percentage of cuttings rooting was related to the Sansevieria trifasciata black gold. The perlite substrate was the best media for propagation compact and black gold variety.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Abad, M., Noguera, P., Puchades, R., Maquieira, A. and Noguera, V. 2002. Physico-chemical and chemical properties of some coconut dusts for use as a peat substitute for containerized ornamental plants. Bioresourse Technology, 82: 241-245.
Ahmadi, N. 2012. An investigation on rooting and growth of stem cuttings of rose genotypes show high and low sensitivity to exogenous ethylene treatment. Journal of Crops Improvement, 14(1): 1-11. (In Persian).
Akwatulira, F., Gwali, S., Okullo, J. B. L., Ssegawa, P., Tumwebaze, S. B., Mbwambo J. R. and Muchugi A. 2011. Influence of rooting media and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentration on rooting and shoot formation of Warburgia ugandensis stem cuttings. African Journal of Plant Science, 5(8): 421-429.
Alifar, N., Mohammadi Ghahsareh, A. and Honarjou, N. 2010. The effect of growth media on cucumber yield and its uptake of some nutrient elements in soilless culture. Soil and plant interactions (Journal of science and technology of greenhouse culture), 1(1): 19 -24. (In Persian).
Arnon, D. I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant physiology, 24: 1.
Bahadar, W., Khan, J., Ghani, A., Azam, M. K., Zafar, S. N., Aslam, M. Z., Rehman, A. U., Nazir, F., Babar, A. M. M. and Ullah, I. 2022. Effect of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) on growth and success rate of hydrangea and fuchsia cuttings. Plant Science Journal, 11(1): 01-06.
Barrsu, H. D. and Weatherley, P. E. 1962. A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficits in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences, 15: 413-428.
Bos, J. J. 1998. Dracaenaceae-The families and genera of vascular plants. III. Flowering plants: Monocotyledons: Liliacea (except Orchidaceae). Vol. ed. K. Kubitzki et al. pp: ‏238-241.
Davies, Jr. F. T. 1984. Shoot RNA, cambrial activity and indolebutyric acid effectivity in seasonal rooting of juvenile and mature Ficus pumila cuttings. Physiologia Plantarum, 62(4): 571-575.‏
Dewayne, L. I. and Yeagar, T. H. 1991. Propagation of Landscape Plants. University of Florida, Florida Cooperative Extension Service. ‏
Epstein, E. and Ludwig‐Müller, J. 1993. Indole‐3‐butyric acid in plants: occurrence, synthesis, metabolism and transport. Physiologia Plantarum, 88(2): 382-389. ‏
Grillas, S., Lucas, M., Bardopoulous, E. and Sarafopoulos, S. 2001. Perlite based soilless culture system: current commercial applications and prospects. Acta Horticulture, 548: 105-113.
Hartmann, H. T. 1946. The use of root promoting substanaces in the propagation of olive by softwood cuttings. American Society for Horticultural Science, 48: 303-308.
Hejazi, A., Shahourdi, M. and Ardferoush, J. 2004. Index methods in plant analysis. Publication of Tehran University. (In Persian).
Hematharshini, A. and Seran, T. H. 2017. In vitro shoot organogen Trifasciata L. as infeluenced by sucrose concentration. International Journal of Advanced Research and Review, 2(12): 01-06.
Khadivi, A., Mirheidari, F., Moradi, Y. and Paryan, S. 2022. Morphological and pomological diversity of wild Prunus microcarpa Boiss. germplasm. BMC Plant Biology, 22(1): 1-10.
Khalaj, M. A., Azimi, M. H. and yousefbeigi, A. 2023. Effect of different growing media on morpho-physiological, biochemical and nutrient uptake characteristics of Amaryllis (Hippeastrum spp.) under vegetative growth period. Plant Productions, 45(4): 519-531. (In Persian).
Kroin, J. 2012. Methods and tips to use aqueous (water-based) IBA rooting solutions©. Proceedings of the International Plant Propagators Society, 1014. Pp: 165-168. ‏
Maloupa, E. I., Mitsios, P., Martinez, F. and Bladenopoulou, S. 1992. Study of substrates use in gerbera soilless culture grown in plastic greenhouses. In Symposium on Soil and Soilless Media under Protected Cultivation in Mild Winter Climates, 323: 139-144. ‏
Okunlola, I. A., Arije, D. N. and Nnodim, O. C. 2018. Rooting development of Sansevieria trifasciata (Mother-In-Law Tongue) as influenced by different propagation substrates. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB), 3(3): 264371.
Paradiso, R. and De Pascale, S. 2008. Effects of coco fiber addition to perlite on growth and yield of cut gerbera. Acta Horticulture, 779: 529-534.
Purwanto, A. W. 2006. Sansuria flora cantik penyerap racun. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 13p.
Rashoudi, Z., Abotalebi, A. and Chehrazi, M. 2014. Effect of cutting size and IBA concentrations on rooting of hard wood cuttings in Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Plant Productions, 37(3): 93-103. (In Persian).
Saidi, M., Safari-Nia, H., Ghanbari, F. and Sayaari, M. 2014. Evaluation of Physiological Indices of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Plant Under Different Irrigation Intervals and Superabsorbent Polymer A200. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 4(12), 335-347. (In Persian).
Sairam, R. K. and Srivastava, G. C. 2001. Water stress tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): variations in hydrogen peroxide accumulation and antioxidant activity in tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 186(1): 63-70. ‏
Salehi Sardoei, A., Falah Imani, A. and Gholamshahi, S. 2019. The effect waste palm tree with mixing it with sand and perlite on growth indices Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Iranian journal of Plant and Biotechnology, 14(3): 10-17. (In Persian).
Shokri, S., Zarei, H. and Alizadeh, M. 2014. Effect of rooting media on root production of semi-hardwood stem cuttings in weeping bottlebrush (Calistemon viminalis) under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions-Isfahan University of Technology, 5(3):173-183. (In Persian).
Thimann, K. V. 1934. On the chemical nature of the root forming hormone of plants. Proc. Kon. Acad. Wetensch. Amsterdam, 37: 456-458. ‏
Yeshiwas, T., Alemayehu, M. and Alemayehu, G. 2015. Effects of indole butyric acid (IBA) and stem cuttings on growth of stenting-propagated rose in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11(4): 191-197.
Yusnita, Y., Pungkastiani, W. and Hapsoro, D. 2011. In vitro organogenesis of two Sansevieria trifasciata cultivars on different concentrations of benzyladenine (BA). AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science, 33(2): 147-153.