ارزیابی تغییرات سیستم دفاعی آنزیمی و غیرآنزیمی ارقام سویا در واکنش به تنش خشکی طی مراحل رشد زایشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 مدیر گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

سویا گیاهی دیپلوئید با سازگاری نسبی گسترده در شرایط مختلف محیطی است. تنش خشکی از مهم­ترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید محصول سویا در  مناطق خشک و نیمه­خشک به­شمار می­رود. علاوه­بر تغییرات فیزیولوژیک ناشی از بروز تنش، خسارت فزاینده عوامل اکسنده نیز موجب محدودیت رشد و تولید می­گردد. در این تحقیق میزان رادیکال‌های سوپراکسید و پراکسید هیدروژن، مقادیر آنزیم‌های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و کاتالاز، تغییرات اسید اسکوربیک، آلفا توکوفرول، کاروتنوئید و میزان شاخص اکسیداسیون سلولی در سه ژنوتیپ سویا (DPX، ساری و لاین WE6) تحت شرایط تنش خشکی شامل آبیاری بعد از 50 میلی­متر تبخیر به­عنوان تیمار شاهد (عدم تنش)؛ آبیاری بعد از 100 میلی­متر تبخیر و آبیاری بعد از 150 میلی­متر تبخیر) در مراحل زایشی (گلدهی، غلاف­بندی و پر شدن دانه) اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر تنش برای تمامی صفات معنی­دار گردید. بر این اساس افزایش میزان آنزیم‎های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و کاتالاز و عوامل پاد اکسیدان غیرآنزیمی (اسید اسکوربیک، کاروتنوئید و آلفاتوکوفرول)، بیانگر نقش فعال سیستم‌ دفاعی آنزیمی و غیرآنزیمی ژنوتیپ‎های سویا در پاسخ به تنش خشکی بود. رقم DPX و لاین WE6 با داشتن خصوصیات مطلوب‌تر از لحاظ میزان فعالیت عوامل پاد اکسیدانی تحت تنش خشکی برتری معنی­داری نسبت به رقم ساری نشان دادند که بیانگر تحمل نسبی بیشتر آن‏ها بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic Defense Mechanism in Response to Drought Stress During Growth Stage in Soybean

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Navabpour 1
  • Sanaz Ramezanpour 2
  • Abolfazl Mazandarani 3
1 Associate Professor of Plant Breeding, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soybean is a diploid plant with relatively wide range of environmental conditions and climate adaptation. Water deficit is first limitation that cause soybean yield reduction in dried and semi-dried regions. In addition to the physiological changes that occurs due to water deficiency in plants, oxidative damage is also an important factor limiting plant growth and production. In this study, the level of super-oxide and hydrogen peroxide were measured, also the amount (of) super-oxide dismutase and catalase enzyme as well as ascorbic acid, α-tochopheroll, cartenoid and TBARM (cellular oxidative level) were assessed. Three soybean genotyps (DPX, sari and WE6 Line) were evaluated for above traits in three drought stress treatments included 50mm evaporation (as control), 100mm and 150mm evaporation from A class evaporation pot. Leaf samples collected for each treatments in three reproductive stages (flowering, pod elongation and seed filling). The variance analysis results showed that drought stress treatment had significant effect on all measured traits. Base on this, enzyme activity (super oxide and catalase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid, carotenoid and α-tocopherol) had a key role in response to drought stress in studied soybean genotypes. DPX cultivar and WE6 line showed superior antioxidant agents activity in comparison with sari cultivar in drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Glycin max
  • Oxidative stress
  • Anti-oxidant defense system
  • Reactive oxygen species

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دوفصلنامه فنآوری تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 7، شماره 2
آذر 1394
صفحه 39-54

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