محیط‌کشت بهینه برای رشد درون شیشه‌ای گل‌آذین انگور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

4 استاد گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

رشد گل آذین و تولید میوه در محیط درون شیشه­ای می­تواند ابزار ارزشمندی در اختیار پژوهشگران برای بررسی دقیق مراحل مختلف فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی مربوط به تکوین اندام­های زایشی و مراحل حساس در این دوره قرار دهد. در این پژوهش گل­آذین در حال رشد از دو رقم انگور شامل، بیدانه سفید و روبی سیدلس از شاخه­های جوان و در حال رشد طبیعی بهاره جدا شدند. برای کشت درون شیشه‌ای گل­آذین­ها از محیط­کشت پایه MS با نصف غلظت استفاده شد. پس از کشت، رشد و نمو گل‌آذین­ها تا تشکیل میوه و سپس رسیدن حبه­ها ادامه داشت. آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با فاکتور رقم در دو سطح، جیبرلین در دو سطح (صفر و 89/2 میکرومولار)، بنزیل آمینوپورین در سه سطح (صفر، غلظت‌های 5/2 و 4 میکرومولار) و هورمون ایندول بوتیریک اسیددر سه سطح (صفر، غلظت‌­های 5/2 و 9 /4 میکرومولار) با سه تکرار در هر تیمار انجام شد. نوع هورمون و غلظت آن در موفقیت رشد گل­آذین­های کشت شده مؤثر بود، به­طوری­که در تیمار ایندول بوتیریک اسید با غلظت 9/4 و بنزیل آمینوپورین با غلظت 4 میکرومولار و بدون حضور جیبرلین، گل­آذین کشت شده رشد کرد و گل­ها باز شدند و نهایتاً تولید میوه کردند (محیط­کشت 15 و 17). در اینجا نقش هورمون اکسین و سیتوکینین به­عنوان هورمون­های کلیدی در باز شدن و تولید میوه در انگور مشخص درحالی­که نقش جیبرلین ناچیز بود. در مقایسه بین ارقام، ریز نمونه­های رقم بیدانه سفید نسبت به روبی سیدلس از لحاظ ماندگاری و طول دوره رشد، سازگاری بهتری را به شرایط درون شیشه­ای نشان دادند. در تیمار شاهد بدون هورمون گل­های روی گل­آذین قهوه­ای و بعضاً شیشه­ای شده و از رشد باز ایستادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimized Culture Medium for In Vitro Growth of Grapevine Inflorescence

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azam Seddighi 1
  • Mansour Gholami 2
  • Hassan Sarikhani 3
  • Abdoulkarim Chehregani 4
1 PhD Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In vitro inflorescence development and fruit production can provide a valuable tool for researchers investigating the precise physiological stages of these processes.In this study, inflorescences clusters from Bidaneh Sefid and Seedless grapes were cut off the young shoots growing on canes at spring. Half strength MS medium was used for in vitro cultivation of flowers. After cultivation of each individual inflorescence branches, they continued to development until berry ripening of fruits grown from these explants in vitro. The experiments were set as a factorial using completely randomized design with gibberellin in two levels; (0 and 2.89 μM), benzylaminopurin in three levels; (0, 2.5 and 4 μM) and auxin (indole butyric acid) in three levels; of (0, 2.5 and 4.9 μM) with three replicates for each treatment. Hormone type and concentration were impressive in successful growth of cultivated inflorescences. The cultivated inflorescences started growing, the flowers opened and eventually set fruits in media with 4.9 μM auxin and 4 μM cytokinin treatments. Auxin and cytokinin showed important roles as key hormones involved in flowers opening and fruit set in grapes, while gibberellin was non-significant. Bidaneh Sefid as a Seedless cultivar showed long term survival in vitro and more stable, during growth period of explants compared to  Seedless in acclimation to in vitro conditions. Control with no hormone treatment caused browning of flowers on the inflorescences in the medium and in some cases elucidation of browning in blooming flowers and stopped growth and eventually the flowers died.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bidaneh sefid
  • Seedless
  • Indole butyric acid
  • Evolution of reproductive organs
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