اثر تنش کمبود آب در مراحل رویشی و زایشی روی برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه مریم‌گلی (Salvia officinalis L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، مجتمع آموزش عالی نهاوند، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثرات تنش کمبود آب در مراحل رویشی و زایشی بر فعالیت برخی آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان، تجمع اسمولیت‌های سازگار، محتوای نسبی آب و عملکرد مریم گلی (Salvia officinalis L.)، آزمایشی با استفاده از طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان در سال 1399 انجام شد. تیمارهای آبیاری بر مبنای حداکثر تخلیه مجاز آب قابل دسترس خاک و ترکیب آن‌ها بودند که در مراحل رویشی و زایشی مدنظر قرار گرفتند، به‌طوری‌که 35 درصد حداکثر تخلیه رطوبتی به‌عنوان شاهد و 60 و 85 درصد به‌عنوان سطوح متوسط و شدید تنش کمبود آب در طول دوره رشد گیاه اعمال شدند. هم‌چنین 60 و 85 درصد در مرحله رویشی، 60 و 85 درصد در مرحله زایشی به‌علاوه دوره‌های رویشی و زایشی شاهد نیز منظور گردیدند. نتایج نشان دادکه بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز از تنش‌های متوسط و شدید در کل دوره رشد و دوره رشد رویشی به‌دست آمد. بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز در تنش‌های متوسط و شدید در دوره رشد زایشی و پراکسیداز در تنش شدید رویشی و زایشی حاصل گردید. محتوای نسبی آب برگ در شرایط تنش کمبود آب کاهش یافت، درحالی‌که میزان پرولین و درصد نشت الکترولیت‌ها افزایش یافت. تیمار شاهد بیش‌ترین عملکرد بیولوژیک (14700 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را نشان داد. هم‌چنین بیش‌ترین میزان پروتئین از تیمارهای شاهد، متوسط در کل دوره رشد و دوره‌های رشد رویشی و زایشی به‌دست آمد. بیش‌ترین میزان کربوهیدرات محلول نیز متعلق به تنش متوسط در کل دوره رشد و دوره رشد زایشی بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Water Deficit Stress at Vegetative and Reproductive Stages on Some Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.)

نویسنده [English]

  • Zahra Izadi
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering, Nahavand Higher Education Complex, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of water deficit stress at vegetative and reproductive stages on activity of some antioxidant enzymes, accumulation of compatible osmolytes, relative water content and yield in sage (Salvia officinalis L.), a field experiment was conducted a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Experimental Field of the Hamedan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during 2020. Treatments were irrigation levels based on maximum allowable depletion of available soil water and their combination that considered for both vegetative and reproductive stages, so that 35% maximum water depletion as the control and 60% and 85% as water deficit stress levels were applied as moderate and severe stress, respectively during the plant growth. Also, 60% and 85% at vegetative stage, 60% and 85% at reproductive stage as well as vegetative and reproductive control were considered. The results showed that, the highest superoxide dismutase activity belonged to moderate and severe stress at complete and vegetative growth stages. The highest catalase activity were obtained from moderate and severe stress at reproductive stage and highest peroxidase activity from severe stress at vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Leaf relative water content was reduced under water deficit stress, while the amount of prolineand electrolyte leachage percentage were increased. Control treatment showed the highest biological yield (14700 kg.ha-1). Also the highest amount of protein was obtained from the control, moderate stress at the complete and vegetative and reproductive growth stages. The greatest percentage of soluble carbohydratewere belonged to moderate stress at the complete and reproductive growth stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Proline
  • Electrolyte leachage percentage
  • Superoxide dismutase
  • Biological yield
  • Leaf relative water content
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