تأثیر منابع و سطوح مختلف سلنیوم بر برخی ویژگی‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی پیاز (Allium cepa L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی و اصلاح سبزی گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

سلنیوم (Se) یک عنصر ضروری برای انسان و حیوانات است. با این حال، اثرات آن بر گیاهان کمتر شناخته شده است. در این پژوهش، تاثیر منابع و سطوح مختلف سلنیوم بر رشد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی پیاز در شرایط کشت بدون خاک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت تا علاوه بر صفات کیفی مطلوب و قابل قبول، مشکلی برای انسان و گیاه نداشته باشد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل 4 غلظت نانوسلنیوم (2، 5، 10 و 30 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) و 3 غلظت سلنیت سدیم (2، 4 و 8 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) و سلنات سدیم (1، 2 و 3 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) بودند که هر کدام به­طور جداگانه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا شدند. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف نانوسلنیوم، سلنیت سدیم و سلنات سدیم اثر معنی­داری بر وزن تر برگ، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و وزن تر ساقه مجازی گیاه پیاز و نیز بر وزن تر سوخ، قطر سوخ و طول سوخ پیاز دارند. سطوح مختلف سلنیت سدیم و سلنات سدیم اثر معنی­داری بر میزان کلروفیل برگ و سلنیوم کل سوخ داشتند. بیشترین میزان کلروفیل برگ در سطوح پائین سلنیت سدیم و سلنات سدیم مشاهده شد که با افزایش غلظت سلنیوم در محلول غذایی میزان کلروفیل برگ پیاز نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش یافت. میزان سلنیوم کل سوخ با افزایش غلظت سلنیت سدیم و سلنات سدیم در محلول غذایی افزایش یافت، البته این افزایش در گیاهان تیمار شده با سلنات سدیم بیشتر از گیاهان تیمار شده با سلنیت سدیم بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Different Sources and Levels of Selenium on Growth and Some Physiological Characteristics of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • masoumeh ameriyan 1
  • farshad dashti 2
  • mojtaba delshad 3
چکیده [English]

Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals. However, its effects are less known on plants. In this study, the effect of different sources and levels of selenium was studied on growth and some physiological characteristics of onion in hydroponic system, it is done in order to have a good and an acceptable quality character, and does not have a problem for human and plant. The treatments included four levels of selenium nanoparticles (2, 5, 10 and 30 mgL-1) and three concentrations of sodium selenite (2, 4 and 8 mgL-1) and sodium selenate (1, 2, and 3 mgL-1), each treatment were separately performed in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Results showed that in seedling stage different levels of nano-selenium, sodium selenite and sodium selenate were significantly effected on leaf fresh weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, pseudostem fresh weight and also bulb weight, bulb diameter and length of bulbs. Sodium selenite and sodium selenate were significantly effected on leaf chlorophyll content and total selenium bulb. The highest leaf chlorophyll content was observed at low levels of sodium selenite and sodium selenate by increasing selenium concentration in nutrient solution, leaf chlorophyll content were decreased in comparison with control. The content of total selenium bulb increased with increasing sodium selenite and sodium selenate concentration in nutrient solution, However increase in plants treated with sodium selenate was more than plants treated with sodium selenite.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sodium selenite
  • Sodium selenate
  • Nano-selenium
  • Nutrient and hydroponic culture

مراجع

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