اثر اسپری برگی اسید‌سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد و اسانس گیاه دارویی بادرشبی در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه

2 کارشناس‌ارشد زراعت، اداره حفاظت محیط شهرستان پیرانشهر، پیرانشهر

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه

چکیده

بادرشبیگیاهی دارویی و ارزشمند و سازگار به مناطق مختلف آب و هوایی است و در مناطق شمالی و شمال‌غرب ایران یافت می‌شود. شوری خاک به‌عنوان یکی از عوامل محدودکننده رشد گیاهان در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک جهان ازجمله ایران شناخته شده است. آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی جهت بررسی اثر چهار غلظت محلول اسید سالیسیلیک (صفر (شاهد)، 5/0، 1 و 5/1 میلی‌مولار) و سه سطح غلظت شوری با کلریدسدیم (صفر (شاهد)، 5/2 و 5 میلی‌موس بر سانتی‌متر) در سه تکرار روی برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اسانس بادرشبی در گلخانه اجرا شد. تعداد ساقه‌های فرعی گل‌دهنده تحت تنش‌های شوری 5/2 و 5 میلی‌موس بر سانتی‌متر به‌ترتیب 3/9 و 4/28 درصد نسبت به شرایط بدون تنش کاهش پیدا کرد. هم‌چنین سطوح اسید‌سالیسیلیک با غلظت‌های 5/0، 1 و 5/1 میلی‌مولار بدون تفاوت معنی‌دار با یکدیگر به‌طور متوسط باعث افزایش 5/32 درصدی تعداد ساقه فرعی گل‌دهنده نسبت به شاهد شدند. نتایج مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد در شوری 5/2 میلی‌موس بر سانتی‌متر، مصرف هر سه غلظت اسید‌سالیسیلیک و در شوری 5 میلی‌موس بر سانتی‌متر کاربرد 1 و 5/1 میلی‌مولار آن بر وزن خشک بوته، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس و شاخص برداشت اسانس نسبت به شاهد بهتر عمل کردند. غلظت‌های صفر، 1 و 5/1 میلی‌مولار اسید‌سالیسیلیک باعث افزایش وزن خشک ریشه نسبت به شاهد در شوری 5/2 و 5 میلی‌موس بر سانتی‌متر شدند. شاخص کلروفیل برگ در شوری 5 میلی‌موس بر سانتی‌متر‌ به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت ولی مصرف هر سه غلظت اسید‌سالیسیلیک باعث افزایش 15 درصدی آن نسبت به شاهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Salicylic Acid Foliar Application on Yield and Essential Oil in Moldavian Balm Under Salinity Stress Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yousef Nasiri 1
  • Taha Izan 2
  • Abdollah Javanmard 3
  • Jalal Arzhe 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh
2 Master of Science, Department of Environmental Protection of Piranshahr City, Piranshahr
3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh
4 PhD Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University
چکیده [English]

Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica) is a valuable medicinal plant adaptable to different climatic regions found in the North and North West of Iran. Soil salinity is known as a limiting factor for plants growth in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, including Iran. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design in order to investigate the effect of four levels of salicylic acid solution (0, 0.5, 1 and 5.1 mM) and three levels of salinity with sodium chloride (0, 2.5 and 5 mmohs/cm) with three replicates on some morphological traits, yield and essential oil of Moldavian balm at greenhouse. Number of lateral flowering stems was reduced by 9.3 and 28.4% under 2.5 and 5 mmohs/cm salinity, respectively compared to non-stress condition. Also, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM salicylic acid increased number of lateral flowering stems by an average of 32.5 % compared to the control. Results of mean comparison showed that in 2.5 mmohs/cm salinity, application of all three concentrations of salicylic acid, and in 5 mmohs/cm salinity, application of 1 and 1.5 mM salicylic acid, shoot dry weight of plant, essential oil percentage, essential oils yield and harvest index of essential oil had better performance than the control. Concentrations of 0, 1 and 1.5 mM of salicylic acid increased root dry weight of plant in 2.5 and 5 mmohs/cm salinity compared to the control. Chlorophyll content was significantly decreased in 5 mmohs/cm salinity level, but the application of all three levels of salicylic acid increased Chlorophyll content as much as 15 percent compared to the control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth regulator
  • Dracocephalum moldavica
  • NaCl
  • Chlorophyll index
  • Dry weight

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دوفصلنامه فنآوری تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 9، شماره 2
آذر 1396
صفحه 67-79

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