تأثیر زمان تهیه ریزنمونه و شرایط محیط‌کشت بر استقرار ریزنمونه دو رقم گردو؛ جمال و چندلر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

از موانع اصلی استقرار ریزنمونه در ریزازدیادی گردو، اکسیدشدن ترکیبات فنلی تراوش شده به درون محیط‌کشت، قهوه‌ای شدن محیط‌کشت و توقف رشد ریزنمونه است.این پژوهش، بر اساس یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه فاکتور شامل رقم (جمال و چندلر)، زمان تهیه ریزنمونه (اردیبهشت، تیر و شهریورماه) و شرایط محیط‌کشت (اضافه کردن ذغال فعالبه محیط‌کشت، قرارگیری کشت‌ها در تاریکی 24 و 72 ساعت، واکشت سه مرتبه هر 24 ساعت، دو مرتبه هر 72 ساعت و یک مرتبه بعد از 144 ساعت و شاهد) انجام پذیرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌های مربوط به استقرار ریزقلمه در محیط‌کشت نشان داد که رقم، زمان تهیه ریزقلمه و شرایط محیط‌کشت و اثرات متقابل آن‌ها به‌جز اثر متقابل رقم و زمان تهیه ریزقلمه دارای اثر معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد  بر استقرار ریزقلمه‌های دو رقم جمال و چندلر بودند. بر اساس نتایج مقایسه میانگین­ها، به‌ترتیب تیمارهای واکشت سه مرتبه هر 24 ساعت و اضافه نمودن ذغال فعال بالاترین میزان استقرار ریزقلمه در محیط‌کشت را نشان دادند و از این نظر اختلاف معنی‌داری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشتند. از طرف دیگر، نتایج همبستگی صفات حاکی از آن بود که بین شاخص قهوه‌ای شدن و میزان استقرار ریزقلمه همبستگی منفی معنی دار (86/0-) وجود داشت. در تیمارهای موردبررسی، رقم چندلر میزان استقرار ریزقلمه بالاتری نسبت به رقم جمال داشت. در نهایت چنین نتیجه‌گیری شد که تهیه ریزقلمه در اردیبهشت‌ماه، در شرایط واکشت سه مرتبه هر 24 ساعت و اضافه نمودن ذغال فعال بهترین اثربخشی را در استقرار ریزقلمه‌های دو رقم چندلر و جمال نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Explant Sampling Time and Culture Medium Conditions on Explant Establishment of Two Walnut Cultivars; Chandler and Jamal

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Ehteshamnia 1
  • Mansour Gholami 2
  • Mahmoud Esna Ashari 2
1 PhD Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Oxidation of exuded phenolic compounds into the culture media, culture medium browning and ceasing growth are the main obstacles in explants establishment during walnut micropropagation. This research was performed as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three factors including cultivar (Jamal and Chandler), shoot sampling time (May, July and September) and medium conditions (adding activated charcoal to the medium, placing cultures for 24 and 72 h in darkness, sub-culturing thrice per 24 h, twice per 72 h and once after 144 h and the control). Results of the variance analysis of the data related to the establishment of micro-cuttings in culture medium showed that cultivar, sampling time and culture medium conditions as well as their interactions, except the interaction between micro-cuttings and sampling time had significant effects on the Jamal and Chander cultivar micro-cuttings establishment. According to the results of the means comparison, regarding treatments including placement of cultures thrice per 24 hours and adding activated charcoal had a highest level of micro-cuttings establishment in culture medium having significant difference with the other treatments. On the other hand, the results showed a highly significant negative correlation (-0.86) between the micro-cuttings browning index and micro-cuttings establishment. In conclusion, the micro-cuttings establishment of Chandler cultivar had the higher rate compared to Jamal cultivar having statistically significant differences. Finally, it can be stated that collection of micro-cuttings in May and sub-culturing them thrice every 24 hours or adding activated charcoal showed the best results in Chandler and Jamal micro-cuttings establishment.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micropropagation
  • Browning
  • Phenolic compounds
  • Active charcoal

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دوفصلنامه فنآوری تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 12، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 137-152

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