اثر شوری بر فیزیولوژی رشد رویشی، اجزاء عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی میوه توت‌فرنگی رقم کاماروزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار و استاد گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

توت‌فرنگی یکی از میوه‌های ارزشمندی است که کشت آن به‌صورت چندساله و یک‌ساله (گلخانه‌ای) رو به گسترش است. این گیاه به شوری حساس می‌باشد. این پژوهش به­منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف شوری (صفر، 15، 30، 45 و 60 میلی‌مولار کلریدسدیم) بر تغییرات رشد رویشی، زایشی و خصوصیات کیفی میوه توت‌فرنگی رقم کاماروزا در شرایط هیدروپونیک اجرا گردید. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که با بیشتر شدن سطح شوری علاوه­بر کاهش قابل توجه وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه، تعداد و سطح برگ، اجزای عملکرد نیز کاهش چشمگیری یافت به­گونه‌ای که عملکرد بوته در سطوح شوری 15، 30، 45 و 60 میلی‌مولار به­ترتیب 20، 42، 45 و 65 درصد نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت. تنش شوری همچنین سبب کمتر شدن کلروفیل و محتوای نسبی آب برگ، غلظت مواد جامد محلول کل و اسیدیته قابل تیتر میوه گردید، درحالی­که مقدار نشت الکترولیت برگ، درصد و سطح نکروزه برگ، محتوای آنتوسیانین، ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، مواد فنولی، پرولین و سفتی میوه با بیشتر شدن سطح شوری افزایش یافت. به­طورکلی بیشترین تغییرات بر اثر اعمال تنش شوری در رشد رویشی و زایشی مشاهده گردید. درحالی­که تغییرات در خصوصیات کیفی میوه به مقدار کمتری تحت تاثیر شوری قرار گرفت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Salinity on Vegetative Growth Physiology, Yield Properties and Fruit Quality of Strawberry cv. Camarosa

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mohammad Hassan Mortazavi 1
  • Solaleh Najafi Marghmaleki 2
  • Noorollah Moallemi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Gratuated M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Strawberry is one of the unique small fruits which it’s annual (in glasshouse) and perennial culture has been expanding. This plant is sensitive to salinity. This research was done to investigate the effects of different salinity levels (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mM NaCl) on changes of vegetative and reproductive growth and fruit quality of strawberry in hydroponics system. The experiment was done based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replicates. The results showed that by increasing the level of salinity, in addition of considerable loss of fresh and dry weight of plant shoot and root parts, leaves number and area also reduced significantly so that the plant yield at different salinity levels of 15, 30, 45 and 60 mM reduced by 20, 42, 45 and 65% respectively compared to control. The salinity stress also resulted in reduced leaf chlorophyll and relative water content, fruit TSS and titratable acidity while the amount of leaf electrolyte leakage, necrosis area and percentage, fruit anthocyanin, antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, proline and firmness were enhanced by increasing the level of salinity. Totally the majority of changes in response to using salinity stress were observed in vegetative and reproductive plant growth, while, changes in the properties of fruit quality was less affected by salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Salinity stress
  • Sodium chloride
  • Fruit quality
  • Camarosa
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